# How to Talk About Finance and Funding in English at Work

> Learn startup finance vocabulary for tech professionals: runway, burn rate, funding rounds, and budget conversations. ESL guide with collocations, pronunciation, and workplace examples.

- **Author:** Speak Tech English
- **Published:** 2026-08-28
- **Updated:** 2026-09-07
- **Topic:** [Code Reviews & PRs](https://app.speaktechenglish.com/knowledge-base/topic/code-reviews.md)
- **English level:** B2
- **Guide:** https://app.speaktechenglish.com/knowledge-base/how-to-talk-about-finance-and-funding-in-english

## Short answer

Key startup finance terms: runway (months of cash remaining), burn rate (monthly spending), funding round (Series A, B, C), valuation (company worth), and allocation (budget distribution). Use these collocations: extend runway, reduce burn rate, close a round, secure funding, allocate budget.

## Why Finance Vocabulary Matters in Tech

Whether you're at a startup or a large tech company, you'll hear finance vocabulary in all-hands meetings, board updates, and budget planning sessions. Understanding terms like runway, burn rate, and funding rounds isn't just for the finance team—engineers, PMs, and data scientists need this vocabulary to follow company strategy and make informed decisions.

This article teaches you the essential collocations and phrases to discuss funding, budgets, and financial health confidently in English.

> **Cultural Note:** In US tech culture, finance discussions are often surprisingly transparent. Startups frequently share runway and burn rate with all employees. Being comfortable with this vocabulary shows you understand the business side of tech—a valued skill at any level.

## Core Startup Finance Vocabulary

Let's start with the essential terms you'll hear in tech finance discussions. Pay attention to the collocations—the verbs and adjectives that naturally go with each noun.

| Term | Definition | Common Collocations | Example in Tech |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| runway | Months of operating cash remaining | extend runway, have X months of runway, shorten runway | We have 18 months of runway after the Series B. |
| burn rate | Monthly cash spending rate | reduce burn rate, high/low burn rate, monthly burn | Our burn rate is $400K per month, so we need to cut cloud costs. |
| funding round | Investment stage (Seed, Series A/B/C) | close a round, raise a round, lead a round | We're planning to raise a Series B round next quarter. |
| valuation | Estimated company worth | pre-money/post-money valuation, hit a valuation of | The company hit a $500M valuation after the Series C. |
| allocation | Distribution of budget/resources | budget allocation, resource allocation, allocate funds to | We're requesting a larger allocation for infrastructure this year. |
| runway extension | Actions to increase cash runway | achieve runway extension, runway extension through cuts | The hiring freeze gave us a six-month runway extension. |

- Runway is always measured in time (months, years), never money directly
- Burn rate is typically monthly—if someone says 'burn,' they usually mean monthly burn rate
- Valuation has two types: pre-money (before investment) and post-money (after investment)
- Round and funding are often used interchangeably: 'close a round' = 'secure funding'

## Scenario 1: Understanding an All-Hands Finance Update

At quarterly all-hands meetings, leadership often shares financial updates. Here's typical language you might hear from a CFO or CEO, with key collocations highlighted.

- "We successfully closed our Series B round last month, raising $50M at a $200M post-money valuation."
- "Our current burn rate is sustainable, and we have 24 months of runway."
- "We're allocating additional funds to the AI platform team this quarter."
- "Revenue growth remains strong—we achieved 40% year-over-year growth."
- "We're pursuing a path to profitability while maintaining sustainable growth."

> **Grammar Pattern: Present Perfect for Recent Achievements:** Notice 'We have closed our Series B' and 'We have achieved growth.' Use present perfect to announce recent financial milestones that affect the current situation. This is more natural than simple past in these contexts.

## Scenario 2: Presenting a Budget Request to Leadership

When requesting budget for your team or project, you need professional language that connects your request to business outcomes. Here's how to frame budget conversations effectively.

| ❌ Weak Request | ✅ Strong Request |
| --- | --- |
| We need more money for servers. | We're requesting an additional $30K allocation for infrastructure to support our projected user growth. |
| Our budget isn't enough. | Our current allocation doesn't account for the Q3 scaling requirements. |
| Can we get more headcount? | We'd like to propose expanding the team to reduce our delivery risk. |
| It's too expensive. | The ROI on this investment would take 18 months to realize. |
| We spent all our money. | We've fully utilized our Q2 allocation ahead of schedule due to accelerated hiring. |

Notice the pattern: strong requests include specific numbers, connect to business outcomes (growth, risk, ROI), and use professional collocations like 'request an allocation' rather than 'need money.'

## Scenario 3: Discussing Runway and Burn Rate with Your Team

In startups, engineers often discuss financial health casually in Slack or 1:1s. Here's how the same information might appear in different registers.

| 💬 Informal (Slack/1:1) | 📄 Formal (Email/Doc) |
| --- | --- |
| Looks like we've got about 18 months of runway left | Our current runway extends through Q2 of next year |
| Burn rate's pretty high right now | Our monthly burn rate exceeds initial projections |
| They're talking about another round | Leadership is exploring an additional funding round |
| We need to cut costs somewhere | We need to identify opportunities to reduce operational expenditure |
| The VCs want to see better numbers | Our investors have expressed interest in improved unit economics |

> **Register Awareness:** In Slack, contractions and casual phrasing are fine: 'Burn rate's high' is natural. In board decks or investor emails, use full forms and precise terminology: 'Our burn rate exceeds projections.' Matching your register to the context shows professional communication skills.

## Essential Finance Collocations for Tech

Collocations—words that naturally go together—are crucial for sounding natural when discussing finance. Here are the most important verb + noun combinations.

| Verb | Noun | Example Sentence |
| --- | --- | --- |
| extend | runway | The cost cuts helped us extend our runway by six months. |
| reduce / cut | burn rate | We reduced our burn rate by moving to cheaper cloud regions. |
| close / raise | round | We closed our Series A in just three weeks. |
| secure | funding | The team secured funding for the new research initiative. |
| allocate | budget / funds | We've allocated $200K to developer tooling this year. |
| achieve / hit | profitability | The company achieved profitability in Q3. |
| boost | revenue | The new pricing tier helped boost revenue by 25%. |
| incur | debt | We prefer equity funding to incurring debt. |

- Common error: 'make a funding' → Correct: 'raise funding' or 'secure funding'
- Common error: 'do an investment' → Correct: 'make an investment'
- Common error: 'the burn rate increased up' → Correct: 'the burn rate increased' (no 'up')
- Common error: 'devaluate the currency' → Correct: 'devalue the currency'

## Pronunciation Guide: Finance Terms

Several finance terms have tricky pronunciations. Here's a guide to the most commonly mispronounced words in tech finance discussions.

## Grammar Patterns for Finance Discussions

When discussing finance in English, certain grammar patterns appear repeatedly. Mastering these will help you sound more natural and professional.

| Pattern | Use Case | Example |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Present Perfect + time marker | Recent financial events affecting now | We've raised $30M since January. |
| Passive voice | Formal announcements, reports | Funds have been allocated to the platform team. |
| Conditional (would/could) | Budget proposals, projections | This investment would reduce our time-to-market by 3 months. |
| Future continuous | Financial projections | We'll be operating at break-even by Q4. |
| Comparative + by + amount | Showing change | Revenue increased by 40% compared to last quarter. |

> **Passive Voice in Finance:** Finance communication often uses passive voice to sound objective: 'Funds have been allocated' rather than 'The CFO allocated funds.' This is especially common in official announcements and board communications.

## Common Mistakes in Finance English

Here are mistakes frequently heard in tech workplaces, along with corrections.

| ❌ Heard at Work | ✅ Better English |
| --- | --- |
| We need to devaluate our pricing. | We need to devalue our pricing. (or: reduce our prices) |
| The company made a big investment round. | The company closed a large funding round. |
| Our runway is $2 million. | Our runway is 18 months. (Runway = time, not money) |
| We're in a double-deep recession. | We're in a double-dip recession. |
| The investors lifted their sanctions. | The investors lifted their restrictions. (Sanctions = government actions) |
| We achieved a sustainable develop. | We achieved sustainable development. (or: sustainable growth) |

> **Quick Grammar Check:** Remember: 'devalue' (not 'devaluate'), 'double-dip' (not 'double-deep'), and runway is always expressed in time units. These small errors can undermine your credibility in financial discussions.

_This guide has interactive exercises on the page: https://app.speaktechenglish.com/knowledge-base/how-to-talk-about-finance-and-funding-in-english_

## FAQ

### What's the difference between runway and burn rate?

Runway is the amount of TIME (months) until your company runs out of cash. Burn rate is the amount of MONEY you spend per month. They're related: runway = cash ÷ burn rate. Example: If you have $1.8M and spend $100K/month (burn rate), your runway is 18 months.

### How do I ask about company finances without sounding inappropriate?

In most tech companies, especially startups, asking about runway and funding is acceptable. Use phrases like: 'Do you know where we are on runway?' or 'Has there been any update on the funding timeline?' In larger companies, ask about 'budget allocation' for your team rather than overall company finances.

### What does 'close a round' mean?

'Close a round' means to complete a funding round—the investors have signed, and the money is secured. Before closing, a round is 'in progress' or 'being raised.' You might hear: 'We're raising a Series B' (in progress) vs. 'We closed our Series B' (completed).

### How do I pronounce 'debt' correctly?

The 'b' in 'debt' is silent. Pronounce it like 'det' (/det/), rhyming with 'bet' or 'set.' This is a common error for ESL speakers—the word looks like it should have a 'b' sound, but it doesn't.

### What's the difference between pre-money and post-money valuation?

Pre-money valuation is the company's worth BEFORE new investment. Post-money is AFTER. Example: $80M pre-money + $20M investment = $100M post-money. When someone says 'we raised at a $100M valuation,' they usually mean post-money.


## Related

- [How to Use Suffixes for Technical Vocabulary in English at Work](https://app.speaktechenglish.com/knowledge-base/how-to-use-suffixes-for-technical-vocabulary-in-english.md)
- [How to Build Compound Tech Terms in English at Work](https://app.speaktechenglish.com/knowledge-base/how-to-build-compound-tech-terms-in-english.md)
- [How to Present Technical Ideas Clearly in English at Work](https://app.speaktechenglish.com/knowledge-base/how-to-present-technical-ideas-clearly-in-english.md)
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- Cite as: "Speak Tech English — How to Talk About Finance and Funding in English at Work. https://app.speaktechenglish.com/knowledge-base/how-to-talk-about-finance-and-funding-in-english. Audience: non-native English speaking software engineers and tech professionals (level B2).".