Tech English glossary, A to Z
630+ words and phrases you hear in tech teams: acronyms like PTO, EOD and LGTM, meeting phrases, and engineering jargon. Each one has a plain-English meaning, real examples, common mistakes and a short quiz.
A
- abstraction
A design principle where complex implementation details are hidden behind a simple interface.
- acceptance criteria
The specific, measurable conditions that a feature or user story must meet to be considered complete and ready for release.
- acceptance testing
The process of testing a software product to verify that it meets the business requirements and user expectations before it is released to…
- accountability
The responsibility to explain and justify your actions and accept consequences for results, whether positive or negative.
- ACIDAtomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability
ACID is an acronym for four key properties that guarantee reliable database transactions: Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability.
- acquisition
The act of one company buying another company or a significant part of its business.
- action item
A specific task or responsibility that someone agrees to complete by a certain deadline, typically assigned during a meeting or discussion.
- action plan
A detailed plan that lists specific steps, responsible people, and deadlines needed to solve a problem or achieve a goal in a project.
- actionable
Actionable means clear and practical enough that someone can act on it right away.
- ADRArchitecture Decision Record
An ADR (Architecture Decision Record) is a document that captures an important architectural choice, the reasoning behind it, and its…
- AFAIK
AFAIK stands for "as far as I know".
- after-action review
A structured meeting or process held after a project, sprint, or incident concludes to identify what went well, what went wrong, and what…
- agenda
A list of topics or items to be discussed or handled in a meeting, project, or event, usually in order of priority or sequence.
- agentic
Describing AI systems, software, or behavior that can independently perceive, decide, and take action toward goals without constant human…
- air cover
Support or protection provided by a senior person or leader who backs a decision or action, often by communicating with stakeholders to…
- alerting
The process of automatically notifying engineers or systems when specific conditions or problems are detected.
- alignment
Agreement between team members, departments, or stakeholders about goals, decisions, or the direction of a project.
- all-hands
A company meeting or event where everyone in the organization, or a large team, is expected to attend and participate.
- alpha
An early stage of software development where the product is tested internally by the development team before being released to external…
- AMAAsk Me Anything
AMA stands for Ask Me Anything.
- amend
To make changes or corrections to code, a pull request, or documentation to improve or fix it.
- annotation
A note, label, or piece of information added to code, data, or documents to provide clarification, context, or instructions without…
- anti-pattern
A recurring solution or practice in code that looks like it solves a problem but actually creates more problems or technical debt.
- APIApplication Programming Interface
An API (Application Programming Interface) is a set of rules and tools that allows two different software applications to communicate and…
- API contract
An API contract is a formal specification that defines what endpoints an API provides, what data it accepts, what it returns, and how it…
- API gateway
An API gateway is a server that acts as an intermediary between clients and backend services, managing API requests by handling…
- API versioning
The practice of maintaining multiple versions of an API simultaneously to ensure backward compatibility while allowing new features and…
- approval gate
A checkpoint or stage in a development process where work must be reviewed and authorized by designated people before it can proceed to…
- ARRAnnual Recurring Revenue
ARR stands for Annual Recurring Revenue.
- artifact
A file, binary, or output produced by a build, test, or deployment process.
- artificial intelligence
Technology that enables computers to simulate human intelligence by learning from data and making decisions without explicit instructions.
- ASAP
ASAP stands for "as soon as possible".
- async
Communication or work that does not require immediate, real-time responses.
- async standup
An asynchronous standup is a written status update that team members post at their own time rather than gathering for a live meeting.
- async-first
A workplace approach that prioritizes asynchronous communication and work processes over synchronous meetings and real-time collaboration.
- async/await
A JavaScript syntax feature that allows you to write asynchronous code that looks and behaves like synchronous code, making it easier to…
- audit log
A detailed record of all actions, changes, and access events in a system, typically used for security, compliance, and accountability…
- auto-scaling
Auto-scaling is the automatic adjustment of computing resources (like servers or instances) up or down based on real-time demand to…
B
- B2BBusiness-to-Business
B2B stands for business-to-business.
- B2CBusiness-to-Consumer
B2C stands for Business-to-Consumer, a business model where companies sell products or services directly to end consumers rather than to…
- back up
To make a copy of data or files for safekeeping or recovery purposes.
- Backlog
A list of work items, features, or tasks that need to be done but have not been started yet.
- backlog refinement
A regular process where the product team reviews, clarifies, and prioritizes items in the product backlog to make them ready for…
- backup
A copy of data, files, or systems stored separately so they can be recovered if the original is lost, corrupted, or damaged.
- bandwidth
The maximum amount of data that can be transmitted over a network connection in a given time period, typically measured in megabits per…
- bar raiser
A person hired to improve quality standards during a hiring process, or a person who sets and maintains high standards for team…
- BAUBusiness As Usual
BAU stands for "business as usual": the normal, everyday work of a team, as opposed to special projects or emergencies.
- beat around the bush
To avoid directly addressing or discussing an issue, usually by speaking evasively or indirectly.
- behavioral interview
A job interview format where hiring managers ask about your past experiences and actions to predict how you would behave in specific work…
- benchmark
A standard measurement or reference point used to evaluate the performance, quality, or speed of code, systems, or applications.
- best practice
A proven, effective method or standard way of doing something in your industry or field.
- best-in-class
Best-in-class means the best of its kind, better than all competitors in the same category.
- beta
An early version of a software product released to a limited group of external users for testing before the official public release.
- bike-shedding
Spending excessive time debating or deciding on trivial, unimportant details while ignoring more critical decisions.
- bleeding edge
Bleeding edge means the very newest technology, so new that it may still be unstable or risky to use.
- blue-sky thinking
Blue-sky thinking means creative thinking with no limits, ignoring practical problems like budget or time for now.
- boil the ocean
"Don't boil the ocean" means don't try to do something far too big or solve everything at once; focus on a smaller, realistic scope.
- boilerplate
Boilerplate is standard, reusable code that appears in many places with little or no change.
- boot up
To start or initialize a computer system or service so it becomes ready to use.
- brainstorm
A meeting or session where a group generates ideas together without judgment, usually to solve a problem or create something new.
- branch
A separate line of development in version control (like Git) where you can work on code changes independently without affecting the main…
- break even
Reaching a point where costs and revenue are equal, with no profit or loss.
- break up
To separate or divide into smaller parts or components.
- breaking change
A modification to software that forces users or dependent systems to update their code because the old code will no longer work with the…
- breakpoint
A specific line of code where a debugger stops execution so you can inspect variables, step through code, and understand program behavior.
- bring along
To bring or include something or someone as part of an activity or event.
- bring forward
To move something to an earlier date or time.
- brown bag
An informal meeting or seminar, typically held during lunch, where employees gather to learn about a specific topic from a colleague or…
- buffer
A temporary storage area in computer memory that holds data while it is being transferred between different parts of a system or between…
- buffer up
To add extra resources or capacity to prepare for high demand or traffic.
- bug report
A detailed document that describes a software defect, including what went wrong, when it happens, and how to reproduce it.
- business case
A formal document or argument that explains why a company should invest time and money in a project, including expected benefits, costs…
- buy-in
Agreement and support from team members or stakeholders for a project, decision, or idea.
C
- CACCustomer Acquisition Cost
CAC stands for Customer Acquisition Cost—the total amount of money a company spends to acquire one new customer.
- cache
A cache is a fast storage area that holds copies of frequently accessed data so programs can retrieve it quickly without going back to the…
- cadence
At work, cadence means how often something regularly happens, such as a meeting, a release or an update.
- calendar block
A reserved time slot on your calendar that you set aside for a specific task, meeting, or focus time.
- calibration meeting
A meeting where managers align on performance ratings, expectations, or standards to ensure consistency and fairness across a team or…
- call it out
To publicly point out, mention, or draw attention to something—often a problem, error, concern, or issue—in a direct way.
- call the shots
To be in control or have the authority to make decisions.
- callback
A function passed as an argument to another function, which is executed after some operation has been completed.
- callout
A callout is when you explicitly mention, highlight, or draw attention to something important—usually a problem, achievement, or key…
- canary release
A deployment strategy where new software is released to a small group of real users first to detect issues before rolling out to everyone.
- capacity
The maximum amount of work, resources, or data that a system, team, or person can handle before reaching a limit.
- capacity model
A framework or method used to predict and understand how much work a team or system can handle based on available resources, constraints…
- career ladder
The series of job positions and levels you progress through in your career, typically moving from junior to more senior roles with…
- Carry forward
To move something from one time period or stage to the next one.
- certificate
A digital or physical document that authenticates the identity of a person, organization, or device on the internet.
- change advisory board
A group of senior people from different departments who review and approve proposed changes to systems or software before they are…
- change freeze
A temporary period during which no new code changes, updates, or modifications are allowed to be deployed to a production system.
- change request
A formal request to modify, add, or remove a feature or requirement in a software project after it has already been planned or started.
- chaos monkey
A tool or practice that randomly breaks parts of a software system on purpose to test how well it handles failures and recovers.
- check in
To register one's presence or arrival, often using a digital system or app.
- checksum
A checksum is a short string of characters calculated from data to detect errors or verify that data has not been corrupted or modified…
- cherry-pick
To select and apply specific commits from one branch to another, rather than merging all changes.
- churn
To repeatedly rework, rebuild, or change code or processes without clear progress or decision-making.
- CI/CDContinuous Integration and Continuous Delivery
CI/CD stands for Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery (or Deployment).
- circuit breaker
A design pattern that prevents an application from calling a service that is likely to fail, by stopping requests and returning a cached…
- cliff
A sudden, sharp drop or end in something important, such as performance, features, or support.
- closure
In programming, a function that retains access to variables from its outer scope even after that scope has finished executing.
- cloud region
A geographical area where a cloud service provider (like AWS, Azure, or Google Cloud) operates data centers and provides cloud services.
- cluster
A group of interconnected computers or servers that work together as a single system to improve reliability, performance, or data…
- COBClose of Business
COB stands for "close of business": the end of normal office hours, usually 5 or 6 pm, used as a deadline.
- code comment
A note or explanation written in source code that helps developers understand what the code does.
- code complete
Code complete refers to the stage in software development when all planned programming for a feature or product is finished.
- code freeze
A period during software development when no new code changes are permitted before a release.
- code owner
A developer or team responsible for maintaining, reviewing, and making decisions about a specific part of the codebase.
- code review
A systematic examination of source code by one or more team members before it is merged into the main codebase.
- code splitting
A technique that divides a large JavaScript bundle into smaller chunks that load on demand rather than all at once.
- code walkthrough
A structured meeting where a developer explains their code line-by-line to team members to help them understand how it works or to…
- comment out
To temporarily disable a section of code by converting it into a comment.
- Commit
To save your code changes to a version control system (like Git) with a message explaining what you changed.
- commit message
A brief text description that explains what changes were made in a code commit.
- community of practice
A group of people who share a common interest or work on a similar set of problems and meet regularly (formally or informally) to learn…
- compile
To convert source code written by developers into executable machine code or bytecode that a computer can run.
- compliance review
A formal examination of code, systems, or processes to ensure they meet legal requirements, regulatory standards, and company policies.
- concurrency
The ability of a system to handle multiple tasks or operations at the same time, or appear to handle them simultaneously by switching…
- config
Short form of configuration; the settings or parameters that control how a software application, system, or service operates.
- connect the dots
To identify relationships or patterns between separate pieces of information or events to understand the bigger picture or draw a…
- consensus
General agreement among most or all members of a group.
- constructive feedback
Feedback that is intended to help someone improve by pointing out what they did well and what they can do better, in a respectful and…
- container
A lightweight, portable package that bundles application code, dependencies, and runtime into a single unit that can run consistently…
- context switch
The action of stopping work on one task or project and switching your attention to a completely different one.
- contractor
A person or company hired to do specific work or a project for a limited time, rather than a permanent employee.
- conversion rate
The percentage of users or visitors who complete a desired action (such as making a purchase, signing up, or clicking a button) out of the…
- cookie
A small file stored on a user's browser that contains data used to remember information about that user, such as login details or…
- CORSCross-Origin Resource Sharing
CORS stands for Cross-Origin Resource Sharing.
- coupling
The degree to which one software module or component depends on another.
- cron job
A cron job is an automated task that runs on a computer server at specific times or intervals without requiring manual intervention.
- cross-functional
Cross-functional describes a team, project, or initiative that includes people from different departments or areas of expertise working…
- cross-team
Involving or requiring collaboration between multiple teams in an organization.
- CRUDCreate, Read, Update, Delete
CRUD is an acronym for the four fundamental operations in databases and applications: Create, Read, Update, and Delete.
- crunch time
A period of intense pressure and urgent work, typically right before a major deadline.
- culture add
A person who brings new ideas, perspectives, or values to a team and strengthens the overall workplace culture, rather than simply fitting…
- customer success
Customer success is a business strategy focused on ensuring that customers achieve their intended goals and gain maximum value from your…
- cut the cord
To stop depending on or using something, especially an old system, tool, or vendor.
- cut through the noise
To stand out or get attention when there is a lot of competing information or distractions.
- cutover plan
A detailed strategy that outlines how to switch from an old system or process to a new one, including timing, steps, and contingency…
- cycle time
The total time it takes from when work starts until it is completed and delivered.
D
- daily scrum
A short, regular team meeting (usually 15 minutes) held every working day where team members share what they completed, what they plan to…
- dark launch
A dark launch is the release of a new feature or product to a limited group of real users without announcing it publicly.
- data pipeline
A series of automated steps that extract, transform, and load data from source systems to destination systems.
- data privacy
Data privacy is the right of individuals to control how their personal information is collected, used, stored, and shared by organizations.
- data-driven
Making decisions or taking action based on facts, numbers, and analysis rather than intuition or guesswork.
- dataset
A collection of structured data, usually organized in rows and columns, used for analysis, training machine learning models, or testing…
- dead air
Uncomfortable silence during a meeting, call, or presentation when nobody is speaking.
- dead code
Code in a program that is never executed during normal operation, either because it is unreachable or no longer serves any purpose.
- deadline
A specific date or time by which a task, project, or deliverable must be completed.
- deadlock
A deadlock is a situation in which two or more processes, threads, or systems are blocked and waiting for each other to release resources…
- debrief
To have a meeting or discussion after an event to analyze what happened, what went well, and what could improve.
- decision log
A document or record that tracks important decisions made during a project, including why they were made, who made them, and what…
- decision matrix
A structured table or framework that lists options, criteria, and weighted scores to help a team objectively compare and choose between…
- deck
A presentation, typically a set of slides created in PowerPoint, Google Slides, or similar software, used to communicate ideas, data, or…
- deep dive
A thorough and detailed examination or analysis of a topic, issue, or problem.
- deep work
Focused, uninterrupted work on cognitively demanding tasks that require full concentration and minimal distractions.
- defensive programming
A coding practice where programmers anticipate and handle potential errors, edge cases, and invalid inputs to prevent bugs and crashes…
- definition of ready
A set of agreed criteria that a user story or task must meet before the team starts working on it.
- definition of success
A clear statement of what success looks like for a project, goal, or task, including specific metrics or outcomes that show when something…
- definition of value
A clear statement of what specific outcomes, features, or benefits represent value to your customer, business, or project.
- demo day
A scheduled event where a startup, team, or company presents their product or project to investors, customers, or other stakeholders to…
- dependency conflict
A situation where two or more packages or libraries in your project require different versions of the same dependency, making it…
- dependency injection
A design pattern where an object receives other objects it depends on rather than creating them itself.
- deploy
To release or put software, an application, or an update into a live production environment where users can access and use it.
- deprecate
To officially mark a feature, function, or API as outdated and discourage its use, while keeping it working for backward compatibility.
- design doc
A detailed written document that outlines the plan, architecture, and technical approach for building a new software feature or system…
- design review
A structured meeting where a team examines and critiques the overall design of a system, feature, or product before implementation.
- devil in the details
A saying meaning that small, easily overlooked details can cause serious problems or complications.
- devtools
Built-in debugging and development tools included in web browsers and IDEs that allow developers to inspect, test, and troubleshoot code…
- diff
A diff is a detailed comparison showing exactly which lines of code or text have been added, removed, or changed between two versions of a…
- dig into
To investigate or look closely at a topic, issue, or problem.
- direct report
A person who works directly under a manager and receives supervision, feedback, and performance reviews from that manager.
- disaster recovery
A set of strategies and procedures that allow an organization to restore critical systems and data after a major failure or disaster.
- distributed team
A team whose members work in different physical locations, cities, or time zones, typically communicating through digital tools and video…
- distributed tracing
A technique for tracking and monitoring requests as they flow through multiple interconnected services in a distributed system, helping…
- DNSDomain Name System
DNS (Domain Name System) is the service that translates human-readable website addresses (like google.com) into IP addresses that…
- do the needful
"Please do the needful" means "please do what is necessary"; it is common in Indian English emails and asks the reader to take the needed…
- documentation
Written information, guides, and instructions that explain how software works, how to use it, or how to maintain it.
- dogfooding
The practice of a company using its own product or service internally before releasing it to customers.
- double-booked
When you have scheduled two different meetings or commitments at the same time, making it impossible to attend both.
- downtime
A period when a system, server, application, or service is unavailable or not functioning properly.
- draft PR
A pull request marked as work in progress that is not yet ready for final review or merging.
- dry run
A complete test of a process, deployment, or system using safe conditions where no actual data is changed or no real impact occurs.
- due diligence
The thorough investigation and analysis of a project, acquisition, or decision before committing resources or making a final decision.
E
- early adopter
A person or organization that is among the first to use or buy a new product, service, or technology before it becomes mainstream.
- edge computing
Edge computing is processing data on devices or servers located at the edge of a network, close to where the data originates, rather than…
- elevator pitch
A short, concise explanation of your idea, product, or yourself that can be delivered in 30-60 seconds, typically to catch someone's…
- embedding
The process of integrating one piece of code, data, or system into another system so they work together as a single unit.
- encapsulation
In programming, encapsulation is the practice of bundling related data and methods together inside a class or object, while hiding the…
- encoding
The process of converting data from one format or representation into another format so it can be stored, transmitted, or processed…
- encryption
The process of converting data into a coded format that only authorized users with the correct key can read.
- end-to-end test
A test that verifies an entire application workflow from start to finish, simulating real user interactions across all system layers and…
- endpoint
A specific URL or address where an API can be accessed by a client application to request or send data.
- engineering culture
The shared values, practices, and ways of working that guide how engineers approach their work, solve problems, and collaborate in a…
- enterprise
A large-scale business organization or a challenging business project, often requiring significant resources and planning.
- environment variable
A named value that your operating system or application stores and passes to running programs.
- EODEnd of Day
EOD stands for "end of day": the end of today's working day, usually used as a deadline.
- EOWEnd of Week
EOW stands for "end of week": the end of this working week, usually Friday afternoon, used as a deadline.
- equity
Ownership stake or share in a company, typically offered to employees as compensation.
- error budget
The acceptable amount of downtime or failures a service can experience while still meeting its Service Level Objective (SLO).
- error handling
Error handling is the process of anticipating, detecting, and responding to errors in code to prevent crashes or unexpected behavior.
- escalate
To move a problem or issue to a higher level of authority, management, or priority so that someone with more power or expertise can handle…
- escalation matrix
A structured document or chart that defines who to contact when a problem needs attention, organized by issue type and severity level.
- ETA
ETA stands for "estimated time of arrival".
- ETLExtract, Transform, Load
ETL stands for Extract, Transform, Load.
- event-driven
A software architecture or design approach where the system responds to and processes events (user actions, system signals, messages)…
- exception
An event that occurs during program execution that disrupts the normal flow and requires special handling.
- exec summary
A brief, high-level summary of a longer document, project, or presentation that gives decision-makers the key points and conclusions…
- experiment
A controlled test or trial designed to validate a hypothesis, feature, or approach before full implementation.
F
- facilitator
A person who leads or guides a meeting, discussion, or workshop to help a group achieve its goals.
- factory pattern
A design pattern that creates objects without specifying their exact classes, using a factory method instead.
- fail fast
A software development philosophy that prioritizes discovering problems, errors, and design flaws as quickly as possible through rapid…
- failover
The automatic switching from a primary system or server to a backup system when the primary one fails or becomes unavailable.
- fan out
To spread or distribute tasks, work, or information to many people or places.
- feasibility study
A detailed analysis to determine whether a project, feature, or solution is practical, technically possible, and economically viable…
- feature branch
A separate copy of the code (branch) used to develop a new feature without affecting the main codebase.
- feature flag
A feature flag is a code mechanism that allows developers to turn specific features on or off without redeploying the application.
- feature freeze
A point in the software development cycle when no new features can be added to the product, allowing the team to focus on bug fixes and…
- feature request
A formal or informal request from a user, customer, or team member asking for a new capability or improvement to be added to a software…
- feature store
A feature store is a centralized system that manages, stores, and serves pre-computed data features for machine learning models.
- filter out
To remove or exclude unwanted or irrelevant data or information.
- fine-tuning
The process of making small, careful adjustments to a system, model, or code to improve its performance or fix minor issues.
- fire drill
A practice exercise or urgent test run designed to check whether a system, process, or team can handle a crisis or meet tight deadlines.
- fireside chat
An informal, relaxed conversation between a leader and team members, typically covering business topics or company updates in a friendly…
- flag
To mark, highlight, or bring attention to something important—usually a problem, concern, or issue that needs to be addressed.
- flame graph
A flame graph is a visualization tool that shows where your program spends time by displaying function call stacks as horizontal bars…
- force push
A Git command that overwrites the remote repository history by forcibly uploading your local commits, ignoring any conflicting changes on…
- foreign key
A foreign key is a column or set of columns in a database table that points to the primary key in another table.
- fork
To create an independent copy of a repository (codebase) so you can make changes without affecting the original project.
- full-stack
Full-stack refers to a developer or skill set that covers all layers of software development, from the front-end (user interface) to the…
- function
A reusable block of code that performs a specific task and can be called multiple times from different parts of a program.
- FYI
FYI stands for "for your information".
G
- game changer
A game changer is something that completely changes how a situation works, usually for the better.
- game day
The day when a software product, feature, or system goes live to real users in production.
- garbage collection
An automatic process in programming languages that identifies and frees up memory that is no longer being used by your application…
- GDPRGeneral Data Protection Regulation
GDPR stands for General Data Protection Regulation—a strict EU law that controls how companies collect, store, and use personal data from…
- gear up
To prepare or get ready for a particular task, project, or event.
- generative AI
Generative AI refers to artificial intelligence systems that can create new content such as text, images, code, or music based on patterns…
- git blame
A Git command that shows which developer made each change to a specific file, line by line, and when those changes were made.
- GitFlow
A branching strategy for Git that uses multiple long-lived branches (develop, release, hotfix) alongside the main production branch to…
- go the extra mile
To put in additional effort or do more than what is expected or required.
- go-live
The moment when a software product, feature, or system becomes available to real users in a production environment.
- go-to-market
A go-to-market strategy is a comprehensive plan that outlines how a company will introduce a new product or service to customers and gain…
- go/no-go
A decision checkpoint where a team determines whether a project or release is ready to proceed (go) or if it must be stopped or delayed…
- GraphQL
GraphQL is a query language and runtime for APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) that allows clients to request exactly the data they…
- grooming
The process of reviewing, clarifying, and preparing user stories and tasks in a product backlog before they are scheduled for a sprint.
- ground truth
The verified correct data or standard used to evaluate whether a system, model, or prediction is accurate.
- growth mindset
A belief that your abilities and intelligence can be developed through effort, practice, and learning from mistakes.
- gut check
A quick informal assessment or review based on intuition and experience to verify if something feels right before proceeding.
H
- hallucination
When an AI model generates false or fabricated information with confidence, presenting it as if it were accurate.
- hard stop
A firm, non-negotiable deadline or point at which an activity must completely stop.
- hardening sprint
A short, focused sprint dedicated to improving code quality, stability, and security by fixing bugs, refactoring, and addressing technical…
- hashing
The process of converting data of any size into a fixed-size string of characters using a mathematical algorithm, typically to verify data…
- headcount
The total number of employees or staff members in a company, department, or project team.
- header
In tech, a header is metadata or information placed at the beginning of a request, response, file, or document that provides instructions…
- heads down
Being heads down means you are focused on your work and do not want meetings or interruptions for a while.
- heads-up
A brief advance warning or notification about something that is going to happen soon, allowing someone to prepare or be aware in advance.
- headwinds
In business, headwinds are problems or conditions that slow progress or make results worse; tailwinds are conditions that help.
- health check
A diagnostic test or procedure that verifies whether a system, service, or application is running correctly and responding as expected.
- heap
A region of computer memory used for dynamic memory allocation, where data is stored during program execution.
- Helm
Helm is a package manager for Kubernetes that simplifies the process of defining, installing, and upgrading applications on Kubernetes…
- hiring plan
A structured document or strategy that outlines which positions a company plans to fill, when they will hire, how much budget is…
- hit the ground running
To hit the ground running means to start something new and be productive immediately, without a slow start.
- hook up
To connect or link different devices, systems, or components to work together.
- hot path
The section of code that is executed most frequently or handles the most critical operations in a program.
- hot reload
A development feature that automatically updates your running application with code changes without requiring a full restart.
- hot take
A hot take is a quick, bold opinion or reaction to something, often expressed without much thought or research.
- HTTPHyperText Transfer Protocol
HTTP stands for HyperText Transfer Protocol, the standard protocol used for transferring data between a web client (like a browser) and a…
- hybrid cloud
A computing environment that combines on-premise infrastructure (servers in your own data center) with public cloud services (like AWS or…
- hybrid work
A work arrangement where employees split their time between working in a physical office and working remotely from home or another location.
- hypothesis
A testable prediction or proposed explanation based on limited evidence, used as a starting point for further investigation or…
I
- IaaSInfrastructure as a Service
Infrastructure as a Service is a cloud computing model where a provider delivers virtualized computing resources over the internet.
- IC track
The IC track (Individual Contributor track) is a career progression path for employees who advance through technical expertise and skill…
- ideate
To ideate means to come up with ideas, usually as a group, before deciding what to build or do.
- idempotency key
A unique identifier sent with a request to ensure that if the request is retried, the same operation is only executed once, preventing…
- immutable
Unable to be changed or modified after creation.
- IMO
IMO stands for "in my opinion".
- impact analysis
A systematic process of examining how a change or decision will affect different parts of a system, project, or organization before…
- incident
An unplanned event or problem that disrupts normal operations in a system, service, or application, requiring immediate response and…
- incident channel
A dedicated communication channel (usually a chat room or Slack channel) where a team discusses and coordinates the response to a critical…
- incident commander
The person responsible for coordinating and managing the response to a system outage or critical problem in a technology company.
- indexing
The process of creating a data structure (called an index) that allows a database, search engine, or application to find and retrieve data…
- individual contributor
An employee who performs technical or professional work and directly contributes to company projects without managing other people.
- inference
In machine learning and AI, inference is the process of using a trained model to make predictions or generate outputs on new data.
- infrastructure
The basic physical and organizational systems needed to operate software, applications, or services, including servers, networks…
- ingress
The way data, traffic, or requests enter a system, network, or application from the outside.
- inheritance
In object-oriented programming, inheritance is a mechanism that allows a class to acquire properties and methods from another class…
- input validation
The process of checking that data entered by a user or external system meets specific requirements before the application accepts and…
- interface
A contract or set of rules that defines how different software components, systems, or users interact with each other.
- intern
A student or recent graduate who works at a company for a limited time to gain practical experience in their field, usually while studying…
- IP address
An IP address is a unique numerical identifier assigned to each device connected to a network, allowing devices to find and communicate…
- IPOInitial Public Offering
IPO stands for Initial Public Offering.
- issue
A problem, bug, or task that needs to be fixed or completed in software development.
- iterate
To repeat a process or improve something by making small changes and testing each version.
J
- jump the gun
To do something too soon, especially without thinking carefully about it.
- JWTJSON Web Token
JWT (JSON Web Token) is a compact, self-contained standard for securely transmitting information between parties as a JSON object.
K
- kanban
A visual project management method that uses a board with columns to track work items as they move from one stage to another, typically…
- keep in the loop
To regularly inform someone about updates or progress on a project or decision so they stay aware and involved.
- kickoff
The initial meeting or event that officially starts a project, product launch, or initiative.
- KPIKey Performance Indicator
A Key Performance Indicator (KPI) is a measurable value that shows how effectively someone or a team is achieving business objectives.
- Kubernetes
Kubernetes is an open-source platform that automates the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications across clusters…
- kudos
Praise, credit, or recognition given to someone for their work or achievement.
L
- latency
The time delay between sending a request and receiving a response in a system.
- layoff
A layoff is when a company terminates employee positions, usually due to budget cuts, restructuring, or business downturn, rather than…
- learnings
At work, "learnings" are the lessons or insights a team takes from a project, experiment or mistake.
- level-setting
The process of ensuring all participants in a meeting have the same understanding of goals, context, and expectations before diving into…
- LGTMLooks Good To Me
An acronym meaning Looks Good To Me, used in code reviews to indicate that a reviewer has examined the code and approves it for merging or…
- linting
Linting is the automated process of analyzing source code to find and flag potential bugs, style inconsistencies, and deviations from best…
- LMK
LMK stands for "let me know".
- load balancing
The process of distributing incoming network traffic or computational work across multiple servers to prevent any single server from…
- load test
A type of performance testing that simulates many users accessing an application simultaneously to measure how the system behaves under…
- lock file
A file that records the exact versions of all dependencies and packages your project uses.
- log out
To end your session and leave a computer system, app, or online account.
- log through
To record or document events, actions, or changes in a systematic way for future reference.
- logging
The process of recording information about what a program does while it runs, typically to track errors, performance, and system behavior.
- look into
To investigate or examine a matter or issue.
- look through
To review or examine something carefully, often to check for problems or details.
- loop in
To include someone in a conversation, email chain, or project by adding them so they receive updates and can contribute their input.
- low-hanging fruit
Easy tasks or opportunities that can be completed quickly with minimal effort, offering immediate value or progress.
- LTVLifetime Value
LTV stands for Lifetime Value, the total amount of money a customer is expected to spend on a company's products or services during their…
- lunch and learn
An informal company event where employees gather during lunch to learn about a topic from a colleague or expert.
M
- management track
A career path in an organization where you move into leadership and management roles, overseeing teams and projects rather than doing…
- manager schedule
A work schedule characterized by fragmented time with frequent interruptions, meetings, and context-switching, common among managers and…
- meeting notes
A written record of important information, decisions, and action items discussed during a meeting.
- meeting overload
A situation where someone has too many meetings scheduled, leaving insufficient time for focused work, deep thinking, or productive tasks.
- memory leak
A situation in which a computer program fails to release memory that it has allocated, causing the program to use more and more memory…
- Merge
To combine changes from one branch of code into another, usually from a feature branch into the main codebase.
- merge conflict
A merge conflict occurs when two developers change the same lines of code in different branches, and the version control system cannot…
- message broker
A message broker is middleware software that translates messages between different applications or services, allowing them to communicate…
- metric
A metric is a measurable value or standard used to track progress, performance, or quality in a project, product, or system.
- migration
The process of moving data, applications, or systems from one environment, platform, or version to another with minimal downtime.
- milestone
A significant point or event in a project timeline that marks progress toward completion.
- mock
To create a fake or simplified version of a component, function, or external service for testing purposes.
- model evaluation
The process of assessing how well a machine learning model performs using specific metrics and test data.
- monitoring
The continuous observation and checking of a system, application, or process to ensure it is working properly and to detect any problems…
- monolith
A large software application built as a single, unified codebase where all components are tightly integrated into one system.
- monorepo
A single version control repository that holds multiple projects or packages instead of keeping each project in separate repositories.
- moonshot
A moonshot is a very ambitious project or goal that is hard to achieve but would have a huge impact if it worked.
- move the needle
To make meaningful progress or create a significant, measurable impact on a goal or metric.
- moving goalposts
When project requirements, deadlines, or success criteria change unexpectedly after work has already started, making it harder to complete…
- moving target
A goal, requirement, or objective that continuously changes or shifts, making it difficult to reach completion or achieve success.
- MRRMonthly Recurring Revenue
Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR) is the predictable amount of revenue a company expects to generate each month from subscription-based…
- MTTRMean Time To Repair
MTTR stands for Mean Time To Repair.
- multimodal
Multimodal refers to systems or models that process and understand multiple types of data inputs simultaneously, such as text, images…
- mutation testing
A software testing technique where small intentional changes (mutations) are introduced into code to verify that your test suite can…
N
- NDANon-Disclosure Agreement
A Non-Disclosure Agreement is a legal contract that prevents someone from sharing confidential information about a company, project, or…
- net-net
"Net-net" means "the final result" or "the bottom line" after everything has been considered.
- no-brainer
A decision or choice that is so obvious or easy that it requires no thinking.
- node
A single point or unit in a network, data structure, or system that can store data and connect to other nodes.
- north star
A guiding principle, primary objective, or core value that directs all strategic decisions and work in a company or team.
- npmNode Package Manager
npm (Node Package Manager) is the default package manager for JavaScript and Node.js that allows developers to install, manage, and share…
- null pointer exception
A runtime error that occurs when your code tries to use a pointer or reference that points to nothing (null).
O
- OAuth
OAuth is an open standard protocol that allows users to authorize third-party applications to access their resources without sharing their…
- object
In programming, an object is an instance of a class that contains both data (properties) and functions (methods).
- off-by-one error
A programming bug where a loop or array index is off by exactly one position, causing the code to access the wrong element or iterate one…
- offboarding
The structured process of helping an employee leave a company, including returning equipment, revoking access, transferring knowledge, and…
- OKRObjectives and Key Results
OKR stands for Objectives and Key Results, a goal-setting framework where you define what you want to achieve (Objective) and how you…
- on my radar
"On my radar" means you are aware of something and are keeping an eye on it.
- on the fly
Doing something immediately and without advance planning or preparation, often while something else is happening.
- on track
Making good progress toward a goal or deadline as planned; proceeding according to schedule without delays or significant problems.
- on-call
Available and ready to work immediately if needed, usually outside normal working hours.
- on-call handoff
The process of transferring on-call responsibilities from one person or team to another, typically at a scheduled time such as shift…
- on-call rotation
A scheduled system where team members take turns being responsible for responding to production issues and emergencies outside normal…
- on-premise
Software or infrastructure installed and run on a company's own servers and computers at their physical location, rather than hosted in…
- onboarding
The process of integrating a new employee into a company by providing them with the tools, knowledge, and access they need to start…
- one-on-one
A private meeting between two people, typically a manager and an employee, to discuss work progress, feedback, or personal development.
- OOOOut of Office
OOO stands for "out of office": you are away from work and not available, for example on vacation, sick or travelling.
- OpenAPI
OpenAPI is a standardized specification for describing RESTful APIs in a machine-readable format, allowing developers to understand…
- optimize for
To adjust or design something to achieve the best results for a specific goal or situation.
- orchestration
The automated coordination and management of multiple systems, services, or tasks to work together seamlessly.
- out of pocket
At work in the US, "out of pocket" usually means you are unavailable or hard to reach for a while.
- out of scope
Something that falls outside the defined boundaries or limits of a project, task, or responsibility.
- over-index
To give too much weight or importance to a particular factor when making a decision or analyzing data.
- overcommunicate
To share information more frequently and in greater detail than strictly necessary to ensure everyone understands decisions, changes, and…
- overflow
A condition in computing where data or memory exceeds the allocated space in a buffer or variable, causing system errors or unexpected…
P
- P0
P0 is the highest priority severity level assigned to critical bugs or issues that must be fixed immediately because they prevent the…
- PaaSPlatform as a Service
PaaS stands for Platform as a Service.
- package
A collection of related code, libraries, or software components grouped together for distribution and reuse.
- package manager
A software tool that automates the process of installing, updating, configuring, and removing software libraries and dependencies for your…
- pagination
The practice of dividing large amounts of data or content into separate, manageable pages so users can view it in smaller chunks.
- pain point
A specific problem, difficulty, or frustration that a customer, user, or team experiences repeatedly.
- pair programming
A software development practice where two programmers work together at the same computer, with one typing (the driver) and one reviewing…
- paradigm shift
A paradigm shift is a big, basic change in how people think about or do something.
- parking lot
A strategy in meetings where you temporarily postpone discussing a topic to stay focused on the current agenda, with the intention to…
- payload
The actual data being sent or received in a network request, message, or API call, excluding headers and metadata.
- people manager
A person in a management position who is responsible for supervising, coaching, and developing employees.
- per my last email
"Per my last email" means "as I said in my previous email".
- performance review
A formal meeting between a manager and employee to discuss the employee's work quality, achievements, goals, and areas for improvement…
- performance test
A type of software testing that checks how well an application performs under specific conditions, measuring speed, stability, and…
- PFAPlease Find Attached
PFA stands for "please find attached", a short way to tell someone in an email that you have attached a file.
- phased rollout
A strategy to release a new product, feature, or update to users gradually in stages rather than all at once.
- ping
To quickly reach out to someone, usually via message or chat, to get their attention or ask a quick question.
- PIPPerformance Improvement Plan
PIP commonly refers to a Performance Improvement Plan—a formal document outlining specific goals and expectations an employee must meet…
- pivot
To make a significant change in strategy, direction, or approach, especially when the original plan is not working as expected.
- planning poker
An agile estimation technique where team members use cards or hand signals to estimate the effort or complexity of tasks during sprint…
- pointer
A pointer is a variable in programming that stores the memory address of another variable, allowing you to access and manipulate data…
- polymorphism
The ability of objects or functions to take multiple forms or for the same interface to work with different data types.
- port
A port is either a specific number that identifies a communication endpoint on a network, or the process of adapting software to run on a…
- post-incident review
A structured meeting held after a system outage or critical failure to analyze what happened, why it happened, and how to prevent it in…
- post-mortem
A structured meeting or review held after a project, incident, or deployment to analyze what happened, identify what went wrong, and…
- power off
To turn off or shut down a device or system.
- pre-read
Materials provided to team members before a meeting so they can review them in advance, or the act of reading these materials beforehand…
- prepone
Prepone means to move a meeting or event to an earlier time; it is the opposite of postpone and is used mainly in Indian English.
- primary key
A primary key is a column or set of columns in a database table that uniquely identifies each row.
- principal engineer
A senior technical leader in engineering organizations who is responsible for making strategic architectural decisions, mentoring junior…
- priority
The level of importance or urgency assigned to a task, feature, or issue that determines the order in which work should be completed.
- procurement
The process of obtaining goods, services, or software from external suppliers through planning, sourcing, negotiation, and contract…
- product owner
The person responsible for defining what a software product should do, prioritizing features, and making decisions about product direction.
- product-led growth
A business strategy where the product itself is the primary driver of customer acquisition, retention, and expansion, rather than relying…
- project kickoff
The initial meeting or event that officially starts a project, where the team aligns on goals, timelines, roles, and deliverables.
- Prometheus
Prometheus is an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit that collects metrics from applications and infrastructure in real time.
- promise
In programming, a Promise is a JavaScript object that represents the eventual completion (or failure) of an asynchronous operation and its…
- promotion
A job advancement where an employee moves to a higher position with more responsibility, authority, and usually higher salary.
- proof of concept
A small, preliminary test or demonstration that shows an idea, technology, or solution works before investing time and resources into full…
- protected branch
A branch in your version control system that has restrictions set up to prevent accidental or unauthorized changes.
- prototype
An early, working version of a product or feature built to test ideas, gather feedback, and identify problems before full development.
- proxy
A proxy is an intermediary server or service that acts on behalf of a client to communicate with another server, often used to improve…
- PTALPlease Take a Look
PTAL stands for "please take a look": a short request asking someone to review your code, document or change.
- PTOPaid Time Off
PTO stands for "paid time off": days you are away from work and still get paid, such as vacation or personal days.
- pub/subPublish-Subscribe
Pub/sub (publish-subscribe) is a messaging pattern where publishers send messages to a topic and subscribers receive those messages…
- pull in
To attract or gather attention, resources, or support.
- pull request
A formal request to merge code changes from one branch into another, typically requiring review and approval from team members before the…
- Pull the plug
To stop or cancel something, usually a project, product, or initiative.
- punt
At work, to punt on something means to delay a decision or task, or push it to someone else, usually because it is not a priority now.
- pure function
A function that always returns the same output for the same input and does not modify any external state or data.
- push the envelope
To push the envelope means to go beyond the usual limits and try something new, bold or more advanced.
- pushback
Pushback is resistance or disagreement expressed by someone in response to a proposal, plan, or decision.
- put a pin in it
"Put a pin in it" means to pause a topic and come back to it later.
Q
- QAQuality Assurance
Quality Assurance (QA) is the process of testing and verifying that software, features, or products work correctly before release.
- quarterly planning
The process of setting goals, allocating resources, and defining priorities for a three-month business period.
- query
A request for information from a database or system, typically written in a special language like SQL.
- queue
A data structure that stores items in a first-in-first-out (FIFO) order, where items are added at the back and removed from the front.
R
- race condition
A race condition occurs when the behavior of software depends on the timing or sequence of events that are not controlled by the…
- RACIResponsible, Accountable, Consulted, Informed
RACI is a matrix framework used in project management to clearly assign four types of responsibilities (Responsible, Accountable…
- radical candor
A management approach where you give honest, direct feedback to colleagues while genuinely caring about their well-being and success.
- RAGRed, Amber, Green
RAG stands for Red, Amber, Green, a traffic light status system used to quickly communicate project health, risk level, or task completion…
- ramp-up
A rapid increase in activity, production, or effort, typically to reach a target level quickly.
- rate limiting
A technique that restricts the number of requests a user or application can make to a system within a specific time period.
- re-org
A re-org (short for reorganization) is when a company changes its structure, reporting lines, teams, or departments.
- reach out
To reach out means to contact someone, usually by email or message, to ask, offer or share something.
- read the room
To understand and respond appropriately to the mood, emotions, and attitudes of the people in a conversation or meeting.
- reading between the lines
To understand the hidden or implied meaning in what someone says or writes, rather than just the obvious or stated meaning.
- rebase
To rebase means to move or re-apply a series of commits from one branch onto another branch, typically to integrate recent changes and…
- recursion
A programming technique where a function calls itself to solve a problem by breaking it into smaller, identical subproblems.
- red flag
A warning sign or indicator that something might be problematic, risky, or wrong.
- refactor
To rewrite existing code to improve its quality, readability, or structure without changing what it does or adding new features.
- regression
A bug or error that appears in software after a recent code change, causing previously working features to break or behave incorrectly.
- regression suite
A set of automated tests designed to verify that recent code changes did not break existing functionality or introduce new bugs.
- reinventing the wheel
Building something from scratch when a working solution already exists.
- release
To make software or a new version available to users or the public.
- release candidate
A version of software that is ready to be released to users but is still being tested for bugs.
- release notes
Official documentation that describes the new features, bug fixes, improvements, and known issues in a software version released to users.
- remote work
Work performed from a location outside the company office, typically from home or a coworking space, using technology to stay connected…
- replication
The process of creating exact copies of data, code, or systems across multiple locations or servers to ensure redundancy, reliability, and…
- request
A formal or informal act of asking for something, or in tech, a message sent from a client to a server asking it to perform an action or…
- requirements
The specific features, functions, or conditions that a software product or system must have to solve a business problem or meet user needs.
- response
The data or message that a server sends back to a client after receiving a request.
- retention
The ability or action of keeping employees, customers, or users engaged and satisfied so they continue working for or using a company.
- retrospective
A structured team meeting held after a project sprint or release to discuss what went well, what went poorly, and what the team should…
- retry
To attempt an operation or action again, especially after a failure or error.
- revert
To undo or go back to a previous state of code, typically by undoing a recent commit or change.
- RFCRequest for Comments
RFC stands for Request for Comments.
- RFPRequest for Proposal
RFP stands for Request for Proposal.
- risk register
A document or database that lists all identified risks in a project, including their likelihood, impact, and mitigation strategies.
- roadmap
A strategic plan that outlines what a product, team, or company will build or achieve over a specific time period, typically organized by…
- ROIReturn on Investment
Return on Investment (ROI) is a measure of how much profit or value you gain from money or resources you invest in something.
- role
A set of permissions, responsibilities, or functions assigned to a user, system component, or team member in a software system or…
- roll out
To introduce or launch something new on a larger scale.
- roll over
To transfer or carry forward data, settings, or benefits from one period or cycle to another.
- Rollback
A rollback is when you return a system to a previous, working version after a bad deployment or change.
- rollback plan
A detailed strategy prepared in advance to quickly revert software, systems, or deployments to a previous stable version if something goes…
- root cause analysis
A systematic process of investigating a problem or failure to find the deepest reason why it occurred, rather than just treating the…
- round-robin
A method where people take turns in a fixed order, rotating through a cycle.
- RSURestricted Stock Unit
RSU stands for Restricted Stock Unit.
- rubber duck
A debugging technique where you explain your code line-by-line to an inanimate object (traditionally a rubber duck) to identify bugs and…
- rubber stamp
To approve something quickly and without proper examination or consideration.
- run it up the flagpole
"Run it up the flagpole" means to share an idea with others to see how they react before deciding.
- runbook
A detailed, step-by-step guide that lists all the procedures and commands a team needs to execute to perform a specific task, deploy code…
- runway
In tech and business, runway is the amount of time or money a company, project, or team has before it runs out of resources or must…
S
- sandbox
An isolated testing environment where developers can safely run code, test features, or experiment without affecting the live production…
- scale back
To reduce the size, scope, or resources of a project or operation.
- scale up
To expand or increase the capacity or capability of a system or operation.
- scope
The range of work, features, or responsibilities included in a project, task, or assignment.
- screen share
The act of displaying your computer screen to other people during a video call or meeting so they can see what you are working on.
- script
A short program or set of instructions written in a programming language that automates tasks or performs specific functions on a computer…
- scroll through
To quickly browse or navigate through content by scrolling.
- scrum
Scrum is an Agile framework for managing software projects through iterative cycles called sprints, where teams meet regularly in short…
- scrum master
A scrum master is a facilitator and coach for a team using the Agile Scrum methodology.
- security review
A formal examination of code, systems, or infrastructure to identify security vulnerabilities, weaknesses, and compliance gaps before…
- semantic versioning
A versioning system where software version numbers follow MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH format, where each number indicates the type of change made…
- separation of concerns
A software design principle where different functionalities or responsibilities are kept in separate, independent modules or layers so…
- serverless
A cloud computing model where you write and deploy code without managing servers or infrastructure.
- service mesh
A service mesh is a dedicated infrastructure layer that handles communication between microservices in a distributed system.
- session
A session is a continuous period of time during which a user interacts with a system, or a dedicated block of time when developers work…
- set up
To arrange or configure something so it is ready for use.
- SEV1
SEV1 is a severity classification used to label the most critical system failures or bugs that require immediate attention and halt normal…
- severance
Compensation paid by a company to an employee when their employment is terminated, usually involuntarily.
- severity
The level or degree of how serious or critical a problem, issue, or bug is in software development.
- severity matrix
A structured table or framework that classifies problems, bugs, or risks by their impact level and how quickly they need to be fixed.
- sharding
Sharding is a database scaling technique where data is divided and distributed across multiple separate database servers based on a shard…
- shoutout
A public recognition or acknowledgment of someone's contribution or achievement in a meeting or communication.
- show and tell
An informal session or meeting where team members present their recent work, projects, or discoveries to colleagues and invite questions…
- side effect
An unintended change in program state caused by executing code, where a function modifies something outside of its primary purpose, such…
- sign in
To authenticate or log in to a computer system, network, or online account.
- sign-off
Formal approval or authorization from a manager, stakeholder, or client to proceed with a project, release, or decision.
- signing bonus
A lump sum of money paid to a new employee when they join a company as part of their hiring package.
- silo
A silo is a situation where teams, departments, or parts of an organization work independently without sharing information or…
- singleton
A design pattern that restricts a class to have only one instance and provides a global point of access to that instance.
- skin in the game
"Skin in the game" means having something personal at risk in an outcome, such as money, time or reputation, so you care about the result.
- skip-level
A one-on-one meeting between an employee and their manager's manager, skipping the direct manager in the reporting chain.
- skip-level meeting
A one-on-one meeting between an employee and someone two or more levels above them in the organizational hierarchy, typically bypassing…
- SLAService Level Agreement
A Service Level Agreement is a formal contract between a service provider and client that specifies guaranteed performance standards…
- SLOService Level Objective
SLO stands for Service Level Objective.
- SMESubject Matter Expert
At work, SME usually stands for "subject matter expert": the person who knows a topic or system best and answers questions about it.
- smoke test
A quick, basic test run to check if a software application starts and runs without crashing or producing obvious errors before conducting…
- socialize
To share an idea, plan, or decision with relevant people informally before it becomes official, to gather feedback and build support.
- SOPStandard Operating Procedure
SOP stands for Standard Operating Procedure—a set of step-by-step instructions that defines how a team should perform a task or process…
- SOWStatement of Work
A Statement of Work (SOW) is a formal document that outlines the specific tasks, deliverables, timeline, and budget for a project between…
- spaghetti code
Code that is confusing and tangled because it has poor structure, with many dependencies and unclear logic paths.
- specification
A detailed description of the requirements, features, or technical details that a product, system, or component must have.
- SPOCSingle Point of Contact
SPOC stands for "single point of contact": the one person you go to for a project, client or issue.
- sprint
A short, fixed time period (usually 1-4 weeks) during which a development team completes a set amount of work toward a larger project goal.
- sprint demo
A scheduled meeting at the end of a sprint where the development team presents completed work to stakeholders, product owners, and other…
- squash
To combine multiple Git commits into a single commit, or to quickly fix and eliminate bugs or issues before release.
- SSLSecure Sockets Layer
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is a security protocol that encrypts data transmitted between a client and server, protecting sensitive…
- SSRServer-Side Rendering
SSR stands for Server-Side Rendering, a web development approach where HTML pages are generated on the server before being sent to the…
- staff engineer
A senior-level software engineer at a company who has deep technical expertise and influences architecture and strategy across multiple…
- staging
A staging environment is a copy of your production system where developers and testers can safely test code changes before releasing them…
- stakeholder
A stakeholder is any person or group who is affected by or has an interest in a project, decision, or product.
- Standup
A short daily meeting where team members briefly share what they did yesterday, what they plan to do today, and any problems blocking them.
- start-stop-continue
A retrospective or feedback technique with three categories: actions to start doing, actions to stop doing, and actions to continue doing.
- stash
In Git, to temporarily save uncommitted changes so you can switch branches or clean your working directory without losing work.
- state
In programming, state refers to the current condition or values of data, variables, and objects at any given moment.
- stateless
Describing a system or service that does not store or retain information about previous interactions or requests.
- static analysis
The process of analyzing code without running it, using automated tools to find bugs, security issues, and code quality problems before…
- status code
A three-digit number that a server sends back to show whether an HTTP request was successful, failed, or needs additional action.
- status update
A brief report that informs others about the current progress, condition, or state of a project, task, or system.
- stock options
Stock options are a form of employee compensation that gives you the right to buy shares of your company at a fixed price (called the…
- stored procedure
A set of SQL statements that are saved and compiled in a database, allowing you to execute them repeatedly by calling the procedure by…
- story point
A unit of measurement used in Agile software development to estimate the effort, complexity, and risk required to complete a user story.
- surface
To bring up or reveal information, issues, or ideas that were previously hidden, unknown, or not discussed.
- sync call
A synchronous meeting where team members join at the same time to discuss urgent issues, align on priorities, or solve problems in…
- sync together
To coordinate or align data, actions, or plans between multiple people, teams, or systems.
- synergy
Synergy is when two teams, products or companies work together and achieve more than they could separately.
- synthetic data
Artificially generated data created by algorithms or tools to mimic real data patterns, used for testing, training, and development…
- system design interview
A technical job interview where candidates are asked to design large-scale software systems, focusing on architecture, scalability, and…
T
- table this
To postpone or set aside discussion of a topic so it can be addressed later.
- take a step back
To pause and reconsider something from a broader perspective instead of focusing on small details.
- take it offline
"Take it offline" means to continue a discussion later, outside the current meeting, usually with fewer people.
- talking points
Key messages, arguments, or topics that you plan to discuss or emphasize in a meeting, presentation, or conversation.
- TBDTo Be Decided
TBD stands for "to be decided" (or "to be determined"): something is not decided yet and will be confirmed later.
- TCPTransmission Control Protocol
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a network protocol that ensures reliable, ordered delivery of data packets between two computers…
- TDDTest-Driven Development
Test-Driven Development is a software development practice where you write automated tests before writing the actual code that solves the…
- team up
To collaborate or work together as a team.
- team with
To form a partnership or alliance with another person, team, or organization.
- tech lead
A senior developer who leads technical decisions and architecture for a team or project while also writing code.
- tech stack
The combination of programming languages, frameworks, libraries, and tools that a company or project uses to build and run an application.
- tech talk
An informal conversation or discussion among technical professionals about technical problems, solutions, or implementation details.
- technical debt
Technical debt is the cost of prioritizing quick delivery over code quality, creating future work that must be repaid through refactoring…
- technical spec
A detailed document that describes the requirements, design, and implementation details of a software system or feature.
- telemetry
The automatic collection and transmission of data from software applications or devices to analyze performance, usage patterns, and user…
- temperature check
A quick informal check to see how people feel about something, understand current sentiment, or gauge agreement before moving forward with…
- test environment
A separate copy of your software system where developers and quality assurance teams test new features and fixes before releasing them to…
- test fixture
A test fixture is a set of objects, data, or conditions that you prepare before running a test to ensure the test can run correctly.
- test plan
A document that outlines the strategy, scope, schedule, and resources needed to test software before release.
- the ball's in your court
It's now your turn to take action or make a decision.
- think outside the box
To approach a problem or situation in an original or creative way.
- thought leadership
The practice of establishing yourself as an expert and influencer in your industry by sharing original ideas, research, and insights that…
- thread
A single path of execution within a program that runs independently from other threads, allowing multiple tasks to execute simultaneously.
- threaded conversation
A structured conversation where replies are organized in a nested or connected format, keeping related messages grouped together so…
- throughput
The amount of work, data, or requests that a system can process or handle in a given unit of time, usually measured per second.
- ticket
A ticket is a record in a tracking system that documents a task, bug, feature request, or issue that needs to be completed or fixed.
- tiger team
A small, highly skilled team assembled quickly to solve a critical or urgent problem, often bypassing normal processes and reporting…
- time zone overlap
The period during the day when team members working in different time zones have overlapping working hours, allowing them to communicate…
- timebox
A fixed period of time allocated for completing a specific task or discussion.
- timeout
A timeout is an automatic system interrupt that occurs when a process or connection does not complete within a specified time limit.
- TL;DR
TL;DR stands for "too long; didn't read".
- TLSTransport Layer Security
TLS stands for Transport Layer Security, a cryptographic protocol that encrypts data transmitted over the internet to protect it from…
- toil
To work hard and continuously, especially on something difficult or laborious; in tech contexts, to struggle through complex debugging or…
- token
A token is a unique string of characters that represents a user, data unit, or access right in a software system.
- tokenization
The process of breaking down data, text, or code into smaller, discrete units called tokens that a system can process.
- top-down
A communication or management style where decisions, requirements, or information flow from higher levels of authority downward to junior…
- total compensation
Total compensation is the complete package of money and benefits an employee receives from their employer, including base salary, bonuses…
- touchpoint
A touchpoint is any moment when a customer interacts with a company, or a short regular check-in between colleagues.
- town hall
A large, open company meeting where leadership shares updates, announcements, and strategy with all employees, often followed by a…
- town hall question
A question asked by an employee during a town hall meeting, typically directed at company leadership or executives to discuss business…
- training data
The dataset used to teach a machine learning model how to make predictions or decisions.
- transaction
A sequence of operations in a database or system that is treated as a single, indivisible unit.
- transpile
To convert source code from one programming language to another language at a similar level of abstraction, or from a newer version of a…
- triage
The process of assessing and prioritizing issues, bugs, or tasks based on their severity and urgency to decide which ones to handle first.
- TTLTime To Live
TTL stands for Time To Live.
- tune out
To stop paying attention or become disinterested in something.
- type checking
The process of verifying that variables, functions, and expressions in code use the correct data types (such as integers, strings, or…
- type inference
The ability of a programming language or compiler to automatically determine the data type of a variable or expression without explicit…
- type safety
A programming language feature that prevents type errors by checking that operations on data are compatible with the data type.
U
- UATUser Acceptance Testing
UAT stands for User Acceptance Testing.
- undercommunicate
To fail to share enough information, details, or updates with team members, often leading to confusion, missed deadlines, or poor…
- unicorn
A privately held startup company valued at $1 billion or more.
- unit test
A unit test is an automated test that verifies a single, small piece of code (like one function or method) works correctly in isolation.
- up to speed
To have all the latest information about something.
- use case
A specific situation or scenario describing how a user or system will interact with a product or feature to achieve a particular goal.
- user persona
A detailed fictional representation of an ideal customer or user, based on research and data, that describes their goals, behaviors, pain…
- user story
A brief description of a feature or functionality from the perspective of an end user, explaining what they want to do and why.
V
- value proposition
The unique combination of benefits and advantages that a product or service offers to customers, explaining why they should buy it instead…
- value-add
A value-add is an extra benefit that makes a product, service or person's work more useful.
- variable
A named container in code that stores a value or piece of data that can change during program execution.
- vector database
A specialized database system designed to store and search high-dimensional numerical vectors, commonly used in machine learning, AI, and…
- velocity
In agile development, velocity is the amount of work a team completes in a fixed time period, usually measured in story points or tasks…
- vendor
A company or person that supplies software, hardware, services, or other products to another business.
- version control
A system that tracks and manages changes to code files over time, allowing developers to see what changed, who changed it, and why.
- vesting
Vesting is the process by which an employee gradually earns the right to keep company benefits (usually stock options or equity) over a…
- virtual environment
An isolated Python (or language-specific) workspace on your computer where you install project-specific packages without affecting your…
- virtual machine
A virtual machine is a software program that simulates a complete computer system, allowing you to run an operating system and…
- vulnerability
A weakness or flaw in software, hardware, or a system that a hacker or attacker can use to gain unauthorized access, steal data, or cause…
W
- walk-through
A detailed explanation or guided demonstration of how something works, step by step.
- war room
A dedicated space or temporary meeting where a team intensively focuses on solving a critical, urgent problem or issue, typically…
- waterfall
A software development methodology where each phase (requirements, design, implementation, testing, deployment) must be completed before…
- webhook
A webhook is an automated way for one application to send real-time data to another application when a specific event occurs.
- WebSocket
WebSocket is a communication protocol that allows real-time, two-way data exchange between a client and server over a single persistent…
- WFHWork From Home
WFH stands for "work from home": working from your home instead of the office for the day.
- wheelhouse
"In your wheelhouse" means a topic is within your skills or expertise; "not my wheelhouse" means it is outside what you know well.
- whiteboard
A large white surface used for writing or drawing with markers, commonly used in tech meetings to visualize ideas, architecture, and…
- win-win situation
A scenario where all parties involved benefit or achieve their desired outcomes.
- WIPWork In Progress
WIP stands for Work In Progress.
- won't fix
A status label assigned to a reported bug or feature request indicating that the development team has decided not to fix or implement it…
- work on
To spend time and effort on a task, project, or problem.
- working group
A temporary group of people from different departments or teams who work together on a specific project or problem for a limited time.
- write-up
A written document or report that summarizes information, findings, or conclusions about a project, meeting, incident, or technical topic.
X
- XSSCross-Site Scripting
XSS stands for Cross-Site Scripting, a security vulnerability where an attacker injects malicious scripts into a web application, which…
Y
- yak shaving
Yak shaving is the act of doing a series of seemingly unrelated tasks before you can complete the main task you actually want to do.
- YAMLYAML Ain't Markup Language
YAML stands for YAML Aint Markup Language.
Z
- zero trust
A security approach that assumes no user, device, or network request should be automatically trusted, even inside your organization.
- Zoom fatigue
The tiredness, stress, and mental exhaustion that people feel after spending long periods in video conference meetings, especially on…
#
- 360 feedback
A performance evaluation method where an employee receives confidential, anonymous feedback from colleagues at all levels (managers…
